Cisco Certified Network Associate (CCNA) Past Questions and Answers

Practice the Cisco Certified Network Associate (CCNA) Exam 2 Past Questions with Answers. Our experts answer the questions and you will get the correct answers to the Cisco Certified Network Associate (CCNA) Exam 2 questions. Prepare yourself for the exam ahead and test your knowledge and readiness.

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Cisco Certified Network Associate (CCNA) Exam 2

Cisco Certified Network Associate (CCNA) Exam 2

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1 / 40

What does the "hold-down" timer do in a distance vector routing protocol like RIP?

It defines the interval between routing updates

It prevents updates about a failed route for a specific time

It limits the time a router waits for an acknowledgment

It determines the maximum hop count

Explanation:
The hold-down timer in a distance vector routing protocol, such as RIP, prevents updates about a failed route for a specific period. This helps stabilize the network by giving routers time to propagate the route failure information and preventing incorrect information from being reintroduced.

2 / 40

Which command is used to configure a router interface as a DHCP client?

ip address dhcp

ip dhcp client

interface dhcp

dhcp client enable

Explanation:
The ip address dhcp command is used to configure a router interface as a DHCP client, allowing it to obtain an IP address and other configuration parameters dynamically from a DHCP server.

3 / 40

Which command is used to clear the OSPF process on a Cisco router?

clear ip ospf process

reset ospf

clear ospf

restart ospf

Explanation:
The clear ip ospf process command is used to reset the OSPF process on a Cisco router. This command restarts the OSPF process, which can be useful for troubleshooting and resolving OSPF issues.

4 / 40

Which command is used to configure an IPv6 address on a Cisco router interface?

ipv6 address

ip address ipv6

set ipv6 address

configure ipv6

Explanation:
The ipv6 address command is used to configure an IPv6 address on a Cisco router interface. The syntax is ipv6 address [IPv6 address] [prefix length].

5 / 40

Which command is used to configure inter-VLAN routing on a Layer 3 switch?

switchport mode trunk

interface vlan

ip routing

vlan routing enable

Explanation:
To enable inter-VLAN routing on a Layer 3 switch, the ip routing command is used to enable routing on the switch. Additionally, you need to create and assign IP addresses to VLAN interfaces (SVIs) using the interface vlan [VLAN_ID] command.

6 / 40

Which command displays the current NAT translations on a Cisco router?

show ip nat translations

show ip nat

display nat translations

show nat mappings

Explanation:
The show ip nat translations command displays the current NAT (Network Address Translation) mappings on a Cisco router. It shows the relationship between local and global addresses used in NAT.

7 / 40

Which command is used to verify the DHCP leases on a Cisco router?

show ip dhcp lease

show dhcp leases

show ip dhcp bindings

show ip leases

Explanation:
The show ip dhcp bindings command displays the current DHCP bindings (leases) on a Cisco router. This includes the assigned IP addresses, MAC addresses, lease times, and other relevant information.

8 / 40

What is the function of the show ip interface brief command?

Displays a brief summary of interface statuses

Provides routing table information

Lists active IP connections

Shows detailed interface configurations

Explanation:
The show ip interface brief command provides a concise summary of the status of all interfaces on a Cisco device, including IP addresses, interface status, and protocol status.

9 / 40

Which routing protocol uses DUAL (Diffusing Update Algorithm) for route computation?

EIGRP

BGP

OSPF

RIP

Explanation:
EIGRP (Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol) uses the Diffusing Update Algorithm (DUAL) to compute the best path to each destination. DUAL allows for rapid convergence and supports load balancing across multiple paths.

10 / 40

Which protocol is used to exchange routing information between routers within an autonomous system?

EIGRP

BGP

RIP

OSPF

Explanation:
OSPF (Open Shortest Path First) is used to exchange routing information between routers within an autonomous system. It is a link-state routing protocol that efficiently calculates the shortest path to each destination.

11 / 40

Which command is used to configure a router to propagate a default route in OSPF?

route propagate default

default-information originate

ip route default

default route propagate

Explanation:
The default-information originate command is used in OSPF to propagate a default route to other OSPF routers. This allows routers in the OSPF network to use the specified router as the default gateway for external networks.

12 / 40

What is the primary purpose of the Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) in a switched network?

To provide inter-VLAN routing

To manage IP addresses

To prioritize traffic

To prevent network loops

xplanation:
The primary purpose of the Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) is to prevent network loops in Ethernet switched networks. STP achieves this by creating a loop-free logical topology, ensuring there is a single active path between any two network devices.

13 / 40

Which command displays the MAC address table on a Cisco switch?

show mac addresses

display mac addresses

show mac-address-table

show mac table

Explanation:
The show mac-address-table command displays the MAC address table on a Cisco switch. This table includes the MAC addresses learned on each port and their associated VLANs.

14 / 40

Which protocol is used to resolve IP addresses to MAC addresses in an Ethernet network?

DNS

DHCP

RARP

ARP

Explanation:
ARP (Address Resolution Protocol) is used to resolve IP addresses to MAC addresses in an Ethernet network. It is essential for communication between devices on the same local network.

15 / 40

Which feature of OSPF allows a router to summarize routes at an area boundary?

Route filtering

Route redistribution

Stub areas

Area Border Router

Explanation:
In OSPF, an Area Border Router (ABR) can summarize routes between OSPF areas. Summarization reduces the size of the routing table and improves the efficiency of routing updates.

16 / 40

Which command enables IPv6 routing on a Cisco router?

ipv6 unicast-routing

ipv6 route enable

ipv6 enable

enable ipv6 routing

Explanation:
The ipv6 unicast-routing command is used to enable IPv6 routing on a Cisco router. Without this command, the router will not forward IPv6 packets between interfaces.

17 / 40

Which command is used to display the IP routing table on a Cisco router?

show routes

show ip route

display ip route

show ip routes

Explanation:
The show ip route command displays the IP routing table on a Cisco router. This table contains all the known routes and their statuses, allowing administrators to verify and troubleshoot routing issues.

18 / 40

What does the term "Administrative Distance" refer to in the context of routing protocols?

The priority of a route source

The speed of a link

The metric value of a route

The number of hops to reach a destination

Explanation:
Administrative Distance (AD) is a value that rates the trustworthiness of the source of a routing information. It is used to select the best path when there are multiple routes to the same destination from different routing protocols. Lower values indicate more trusted sources.

19 / 40

Which command is used to configure a router as a DHCP server?

ip dhcp enable

ip dhcp server

service dhcp

ip dhcp pool

Explanation:
The ip dhcp pool command is used to configure a DHCP pool on a Cisco router. This command defines a range of IP addresses and other configuration parameters that the router will assign to DHCP clients.

20 / 40

Which protocol is used to detect link failures and reroute traffic in a network?

ICMP

TCP

OSPF

ARP

Explanation:
OSPF (Open Shortest Path First) is used to detect link failures and reroute traffic in a network. It quickly adapts to changes in the network topology and recalculates the shortest path to each destination.

21 / 40

What is the effect of the switchport port-security command on a Cisco switch interface?

Configures the interface as a trunk port

Enables Spanning Tree Protocol

Limits the number of MAC addresses allowed on the interface

Enables VLAN tagging

Explanation:
The switchport port-security command enables port security on a switch interface, which limits the number of MAC addresses that can be learned on the interface. This helps prevent unauthorized devices from connecting to the network.

22 / 40

Which feature of EIGRP allows for unequal-cost load balancing?

Hold time

Variance

Delay

Bandwidth

Explanation:
EIGRP (Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol) supports unequal-cost load balancing through the use of the variance command. This allows EIGRP to include multiple routes in the routing table, even if they have different metrics, as long as they meet the variance multiplier criteria.

23 / 40

What does the traceroute command do?

Resolves domain names to IP addresses

Measures the round-trip time for packets

Tests connectivity between two hosts

Displays the path packets take to a destination

Explanation:
The traceroute command displays the path that packets take from the source to the destination, including the intermediate hops. This is useful for troubleshooting network issues and understanding the network topology.

24 / 40

What is the main purpose of the show ip bgp summary command?

Shows a summary of BGP neighbors and their statuses

Lists all BGP route advertisements

Displays BGP routing table

Displays detailed BGP configuration

Explanation:
The show ip bgp summary command provides a summary of BGP neighbors and their statuses, including the state of each neighbor connection, the number of prefixes received, and the uptime of the connections.

25 / 40

What does the ip helper-address command do on a Cisco router?

Sets up an IP alias

Configures a static IP address

Establishes a DHCP server

Enables DHCP relay functionality

Explanation:
The ip helper-address command configures a Cisco router to forward DHCP requests to a specified DHCP server. This enables DHCP relay functionality, allowing clients on different subnets to obtain IP addresses from a centralized DHCP server.

26 / 40

What is the primary difference between a standard and an extended ACL?

Extended ACLs can filter by IP address and port number

Extended ACLs are applied to interfaces only

Standard ACLs are applied to interfaces only

Standard ACLs can filter by IP address and port number

Explanation:
The primary difference between standard and extended ACLs is that standard ACLs filter traffic based solely on source IP addresses, while extended ACLs can filter traffic based on source and destination IP addresses, protocols, and port numbers.

27 / 40

Which type of OSPF area does not allow external routes but allows inter-area routes?

Totally stubby area

Not-so-stubby area (NSSA)

Stub area

Backbone area

Explanation:
A stub area in OSPF does not allow external routes (routes from outside the OSPF autonomous system) but allows inter-area routes (routes from other OSPF areas within the same autonomous system). This reduces the size of the routing table and limits routing updates.

28 / 40

Which protocol is used to secure remote access to a Cisco device?

HTTPS

HTTP

Telnet

SSH

Explanation:
SSH (Secure Shell) is used to secure remote access to a Cisco device. It provides encrypted communication over the network, ensuring the confidentiality and integrity of the data transmitted.

29 / 40

Which command is used to view the configuration of a specific interface on a Cisco router?

show interface config

how ip interface

show running-config interface

display interface

Explanation:
The show running-config interface [interface_id] command displays the configuration of a specific interface on a Cisco router. This includes IP address, description, and other interface-specific settings.

30 / 40

Which command is used to configure a static default route on a Cisco router?

ip route 0.0.0.0/0

ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0

ip route default

ip default-route

Explanation:
To configure a static default route on a Cisco router, the ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 [next hop IP address or exit interface] command is used. This route directs all traffic destined for unknown networks to a specified next-hop IP address or exit interface.

31 / 40

Which mechanism is used by OSPF to prevent routing loops?

Link-state advertisements

Hold-down timers

Route poisoning

Split horizon

Explanation:
OSPF (Open Shortest Path First) uses Link-State Advertisements (LSAs) to prevent routing loops. LSAs provide information about the state of each router's links, and each router maintains a complete map of the network topology to calculate the shortest path.

32 / 40

Which type of IPv6 address is used to communicate with all nodes on a network segment?

Link-local

Anycast

Unicast

Multicast

Explanation:
In IPv6, multicast addresses are used to communicate with all nodes on a network segment. They are similar to broadcast addresses in IPv4, but IPv6 does not use broadcasts; instead, it relies on multicasts for one-to-many communication.

33 / 40

Which protocol is used to dynamically assign IP addresses to clients on a network?

DHCP

ARP

NAT

DNS

Explanation:
DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) is used to dynamically assign IP addresses and other network configuration parameters to clients on a network. This simplifies the management of IP address allocation.

34 / 40

What is the main function of the show ip protocols command?

Displays IP routing table

Shows IP interface statistics

Displays the status of all configured routing protocols

Lists IP access lists

Explanation:
The show ip protocols command displays the status and configuration of all routing protocols running on a Cisco router. It provides information about protocol settings, timers, and routing updates.

35 / 40

Which command would you use to save the current configuration to NVRAM on a Cisco device?

copy running-config startup-config

store config

save config

write memory

Explanation:
The copy running-config startup-config command saves the current running configuration to NVRAM, ensuring that it will be loaded the next time the device is restarted. The write memory command is an older, equivalent command.

36 / 40

Which type of NAT maps multiple private IP addresses to a single public IP address using different ports?

Dynamic NAT

PAT (Port Address Translation)

Static NAT

Overlapping NAT

Explanation:
PAT (Port Address Translation), also known as NAT overload, maps multiple private IP addresses to a single public IP address by using different port numbers. This allows multiple devices on a local network to share a single public IP address.

37 / 40

Which feature of IPv6 provides automatic address configuration without a DHCP server?

DHCPv6

Stateless Address Autoconfiguration (SLAAC)

Link-local addressing

Anycast

Explanation:
Stateless Address Autoconfiguration (SLAAC) allows IPv6 devices to automatically configure their own IP addresses without the need for a DHCP server. Devices generate their own addresses using network prefix information provided by routers.

38 / 40

Which protocol does BGP use to establish and maintain neighbor relationships?

TCP

UDP

IP

ICMP

Explanation:
BGP (Border Gateway Protocol) uses TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) to establish and maintain neighbor relationships. Specifically, BGP uses TCP port 179 for communication between peers.

39 / 40

What is the primary function of a network access control list (ACL)?

To encrypt network traffic

To assign IP addresses dynamically

To control traffic flow based on rules

To manage routing updates

Explanation:
An access control list (ACL) is used to control the flow of traffic in a network based on a set of rules defined by the network administrator. ACLs can permit or deny traffic based on IP addresses, protocols, port numbers, and other criteria.

40 / 40

Which command displays OSPF neighbor information on a Cisco router?

show ip ospf status

show ospf neighbors

show ip ospf

show ip ospf neighbor

Explanation:
The show ip ospf neighbor command displays information about OSPF neighbors on a Cisco router. This includes details about the OSPF state, neighbor ID, priority, and the interface through which the neighbor is reachable.

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